The bottom part of the Y provides structural support and helps antibodies to interact with immune cells. Hypervariable regions vary in length but usually contain fewer than 40 amino acids.

When you are designing an antibody, you have to decide which part of the antigen it is best suited for. The shapes of proteins, whether antigens or antibodies have definite 3D shapes that will ...

Monoclonal antibodies are novel therapeutic agents used with great success in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Different parts of the immune system have been targeted by monoclonal ...

Antibodies are among the most important protein ... or combined to form a ‘cocktail’ against different parts of the same target. These approaches are useful when working with proteins that ...

Many vaccines work by introducing a protein to the body that resembles part of a virus. Ideally, the immune system will produce long-lasting antibodies recognizing that specific virus, thereby ...

Antibodies that bind to a previously untargeted ... rather than to specific parts of the parasite, and then tested the mAbs to see if they could neutralize sporozoites in a mouse model of malaria.