The bottom part of the Y provides structural support and helps antibodies to interact with immune cells. Hypervariable regions vary in length but usually contain fewer than 40 amino acids.

Monoclonal antibodies, or mAbs, are important tools in medicine. These laboratory-made proteins are widely used in treatments ...

The antibody targets a stable part of the bird flu virus, ensuring that the immune protection can resist new variants and offer long-term protection against the globally spreading airborne infection.

Monoclonal antibodies are novel therapeutic agents used with great success in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Different parts of the immune system have been targeted by monoclonal ...

such as vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, by targeting distinct parts of the parasite. Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, continues to exact a significant toll globally, with 263 million cases ...

Many vaccines work by introducing a protein to the body that resembles part of a virus. Ideally, the immune system will produce long-lasting antibodies recognizing that specific virus, thereby ...

Antibodies that bind to a previously untargeted ... rather than to specific parts of the parasite, and then tested the mAbs to see if they could neutralize sporozoites in a mouse model of malaria.