On July 3, Fitzpatrick was the only Republican opposed to the rule that set up a straight up-or-down vote on the Senate's version of the bill. The near unanimity came after Trump hosted skeptical lawmakers at the White House to answer their questions, worked the phones overnight and cheered the vote through social media.

Here are the five Republicans who voted against Trump’s “Big Beautiful Bill.” Massie drew Trump’s wrath over his opposition to the bill, with the Kentucky congressman slammed by the president in several Truth Social posts: